University of Santo Tomas Ecclesiastical Faculties
Institute of Latin
SUMMARY OF COMMONLY USED LATIN PREPOSITIONS
Prepositions are words placed before nouns to create phrases
that express adverbial meanings. They answer questions such as Where? Why? How?
When? It may take the accusative case or the ablative case. Some
may take both.
I.
COMMON
PREPOSITIONS WITH THE ACCUSATIVE CASE
ad - to, towards ad Asiam (toward Asia)
-
for[1],
with a view of ad
pacem (for peace)
-
at ad
horam (at the hour)
adversus - opposite,
against adversus
haereses (against the heretics)
ante - before
(in time or space) ante
bellum (before the war)
apud - at,
near, beside apud
Rhenum (at the Rhine)
- at the house of apud
Caesarem (at the house of Caesar)
circum - around circum
mundum (around the world)
contra - against contra
hostes (against the enemies
extra - outside,
beyond extra
terram (outside the land)
inter - among inter
nos (among us)
-
between inter
meam opinionem ac tuam
(between my opinion and yours)
intra - within, among, inside intra silvam (inside
the forest)
juxta - near, along, next to iuxta imperatorem
(next to the emperor)
-
according
to iuxta
imperatorem (according to the emperor)
ob - on
account of, because of ob
metum (because of fear)
per - through per
maria (through the seas)
post - behind post
montes (behind the mountains)
-
after post
mortem (after death)
praeter - beyond,
past praeter insulas (beyond
the islands)
propter - on
account of, because of propter
amorem (on account of love)
secundum - according
to secundum
reginas (according to the queens)
trans - across trans
flumen (across the river)
ultra - beyond ultra
mundum (beyond the world)
II.
COMMON
PREPOSITIONS WITH THE ABLATIVE CASE
a (ab, abs)[2] - from,
away from a
Britannia (away from Britain)
- by interfectus
est a Caesare
(He was killed by Caesar)
coram - in the presence of coram rectore
(in the presence of the rector)
cum - with cum
amicis (with friends)
de - from, down from de montibus
(down from the mountains)
- about, concerning de anima
(concerning the soul)
e (ex)[3] - out
of ex
amore (out of love)
pro - for, on behalf of pro
amico meo (for my friend)
sine - without sine
pugna et sine vulnere
(without a fight and without injury)
III.
PREPOSITIONS
THAT TAKE BOTH ACCUSATIVE AND ABLATIVE
CASES
IN + ACCUSATIVE
in
(+acc) - into, onto in
Asiam (into Asia)
in
(+acc) - against oratio
in Caesarem (a speech against Caesar)
in
(+acc) - for (the purpose of) in
puellam (for the girl)
IN + ABLATIVE
in
(+abl) - in, on in
Asia (in Asia)
in
(+abl) - among in
hostibus (among the enemies)
in
(+abl) - by means of, with in
gladio (by means of a sword)
SUB + ACCUSATIVE
sub
(+acc) - under
(implying motion) sub
portam venient (They
will come under the gate)
SUB + ABLATIVE
sub
(+abl) - under
(stationary) quidquid
sub terra est (Whatever
is under the earth)
SUPER + ACCUSATIVE
super
(+acc) above, upon; over super montem
(above the mountain)
SUPER + ABLATIVE
super
(+abl) about,
concerning super
monte (concerning the mountain)
Nota Bene:
This note must be used only by the class of Fr. Coronel, OP.
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